Abstract

Launch an urgent extraordinary appeal from the "apply your idea" programme; invite
innovators to present innovative technological solutions to crisis-related challenges. launch
virtual Egyptian hachthon; use the production capacity and expertise of the petrochemical
alliance to produce quantities of disinfected materials; prepare future and strategic studies
in various crisis-related area through experts and members of the academy Specialized
quality boards produced a simplified science book in Arabic on HIV to raise public
awareness of the pandemic. Providing innovative technological solutions to crisis-related
challenges through the platform of the Egyptian innovation bank, Mobile application and
early contact with suspect, Production of automatic personal sterilization gate, the academy
of scientific research and technology has hired the venta Max team to fund the production of
the respirator, Publication of a simplified HIV book. The plan has demonstrated the
importance of flexible funding for scientific research in emergency circumstances and the
ability to quickly generate funding if there are unprecedented ramifications that require rapid
and effective intervention by the scientific research and innovation system. This crisis has
pointed to the importance of building strong linkages between different actors from research
institutions and industry. The role of knowledge coalitions and their rapid ability to harness
the different expertise and abilities of alliance members to respond immediately to
unforeseen circumstances were clearly demonstrated. The most responsive group in finding
innovative solutions is young people aged 20 to 40, indicating the importance of paying
attention to this age group when developing new programmes to finance innovation and
entrepreneurship. The fact that a strong and organized entity at the head of the scientific
research, technology and innovation system in Egypt, capable of steering according to the
requirements of the state, organizing efforts and linking national institutions, has a significantimpact on the ability of the scientific research and technology system to be strongly present
in society and to react positively and rapidly to emerging challenges.

Abstract

Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the
common cold to more severe diseases. The CoVs are genotypically and serologically

divided into four subfamilies: α, β, γ, and δ-CoVs. Human CoV infections are caused by α-
and β-CoVs. COVID19 is caused by a novel beta coronavirus officially named by the WHO

as SARS-CoV-2. The disease was declared as a pandemic by the World Health
Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Studying the unique features of COVID-19 like its
physicochemical properties, sources of infection and routs of transmission are crucial for
enhancing our prevention control measures in the future. Infected individuals with no or mild
symptoms can release viruses and spread viruses to others, which is extremely challenging
for preventing the spread of COVID-19. Following infection prevention and control guidance
for healthcare professionals about (COVID-19) are mandate, meanwhile equitable access to
safe and effective vaccines, once they are licensed and approved will pave the way for
recovery from the current pandemic.